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中 国 免 疫 学 信 息 网 |  |
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Essential Resource for Immunology
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中 国 免 疫 学 信 息 网 | |
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Essential Resource for Immunology
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细胞生物学网址精选
General sites
http://www.biology.arizona.edu/cell_bio/tutorials/cell_cycle/main.html
This site contains a brief, basic introduction;
the cell cycle and mitosis subjects are separated; phase diagrams of cell cycle
as well as the regulation of the cell cycle are shown. They relate this to cancer,
and also talk about Cdk, MPf, and p53. There are some neat pictures describing
mitosis, but the site over all is a bit too general. http://www.biology.arizona.edu/cell_bio
gets you to a site with other connections. Rating: 3
http://www.journals.asm.org/
This website is a general link to journal articles
where one can obtain specific topics for an area of research interest.
The site can be specific to molecular research and other biological/clinical
fields. The more specific the field of research, the more technical the
articles will be. There will probably be pictures that correspond to particular
areas of interest. (5)
http://molecularmedicine.medscape.com/Home/Topics/MolecularMedicine/MolecularMedicine.html
This website was obtained through www.medscape.com.
The site focuses on molecular medicine. One would need to enter a specific
topic in the search engine and research the archives under that particular topic.
As you search for a specific topic, the information will become more technical.
Also, this site has links to other molecular medicine web sites. (4)
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/searchdatabases.html
This website is a general medline site with links
to multiple topics. The site is organized by the National Library of Medicine.
It can be specific to a particular topic. A search engine is present on
the website to facilitate with retrieving specific topics. This website
offers a basic overview.
Dictionary of Cell Biology:
http://www.bio.davidson.edu/Biology/kabernd/cb/www.mblab.gla.ac.uk/dictionary/%20www.mblab.gla.ac.uk/dictionary/
A basic cell biology dictionary, this site can
give you understandable definitions of key words and concepts related to the
study of cell biology. For example: searching for "signal sequence"
brings up a short explanation of the process, including reference to the topic
"signal recognition particle".
Search Engine for Links to Scientific Papers
http://www.healthgate.com/medline/search-medline.shtml
* Go to this site, then type "apoptosis"
(or any other topic of interest) into the search engine
Biological Membranes
http://www.kumc.edu/biochemistry/bioc800/mem-lobj.htm
This site contains a group of four lectures about
the structure and function of the biological membrane. Each lecture has
key bullet points that help the reader focus on the important areas. It
also allows the reader to investigate the focus points further to get a more
technical understanding of the general topics. This site
provides good graphics that enhance the text.
Rating: 5
http://cellbio.utmb.edu/cellbio/membrane.htm
This web page presents membrane structure and function
on a general level using both real images from a microscope and computer diagrams.
It asks questions and offers in-depth information. Each section begins
with a question that is then answered. The site has key words scattered
throughout the text that link to the more detailed explanations.
At the end it has a couple of links that provide information on other topics
related to membrane structure. Rating: 5
http://garnet.acns.fsu.edu/~bmm5733/bilayer.html
This site focuses only on the phospholipid bilayer.
It is relatively brief, but gives a good basic understanding of this topic.
It also has helpful graphics. Rating: 3
http://members.tripod.com/obsil/membran.html
This web page begins with a general overview of
the biological membrane. It has both text and graphics. We like
this site because it contains thorough information on the functions of membrane
proteins. It describes how different proteins attach to the membrane.
It is a limited site without many graphics. Rating: 3
http://www.harlmen.com/cell4.htm
This is a small site, but it is completely different
from any of the others. It describes what happens to the phospholipids
and the membrane as aging occurs. It offers a nutritional approach to
maintaining a healthy plasma membrane. Thus, it shows how the biological
membrane fits into daily life through nutrition. Rating: 5
Protein Synthesis
http://www.accessexcellence.org/AB/GG/
This site has many detailed graphics on all aspects
of protein synthesis and DNA replication. One can also find information
on many other topics pertaining to viruses, genetics, cell division, etc. Our
favorite site.
http://wsrv.clas.virginia.edu/~rjh9u/dnaprot.html
The graphics on this site are very helpful in providing
a better understanding of protein synthesis and related topics because they
utilize movement. There is also a link for a tutorial on DNA structure, replication,
transcription, and translation.
http://www.brooklyn.cuny.edu/bc/ahp/BioInfo/SD.TransTrans.HP.html
A great step by step pictorial of translation is
found on this site. It describes each component needed for translation.
Has a brief description of transcription accompanied by colorful graphics.
http://www.wkac.ac.uk/departments/bioscience/lec2.html
This website has a basic overview of DNA replication
as well as protein synthesis. Very helpful in establishing a foundation for
understanding the process of protein synthesis.
http://gened.emc.maricopa.edu/bio/bio181/biobk/biobookprotsyn.html
Begins with an historical summary of how the "one
gene one enzyme" theory was proposed. Has basic background information
on hemoglobin, viruses, DNA replication, transcription, and translation.
Also has a chart listing all of the codons for each amino acid.
Protein Targeting
http://www.bio.davidson.edu/Biology/kabernd/cb/www.biochemtech.uni-halle.de/PPS2/course/section4/transport.html
Our top pick, this site is well informed and organized,
even containing brilliant rasmol images to illustrate specific examples, as
well as a good cartoon of the process of SRP aided translocation. It provides
a good overview with some detail as well, including examples of signal sequences
and even references. However, it is most thorough only in covering translocation
and the fate of proteins assembled in the cytoplasm. In this way it does
not provide the full picture of protein targeting that the
cambridge site delivers. This is a topic
specific site. Rating: 4.5
http://www.aerocareinc.com/~jkimball/BiologyPages/P/ProteinKinesis.html
Another very good site, this time with a colorful
embedded figure. The information is slightly less detailed, but concisely
presented in outline form, making easy going for the student seeking a broad
but topic specific overview. A good feature is that key terms are hyperlinks
to short explanations. Rating - 4
http://www.bio.cam.ac.uk/~sa232/tex/MVSTIA_4-8_Shy/
Something of an overview site, students studying
protein targeting will
find the following URL the most helpful:
http://www.bio.cam.ac.uk/~sa232/tex/MVSTIA_4-8_Shy/node8.html#SECTION00200000000000000000
0000000000000
The site contains the lecture notes for a biology class and is very well organized
conveying the information accurately and easily. Unfortunately, the figures
seem not to work, at least not on all computers. It goes into a fair degree
of detail while stopping short of experimental evidence. The site contains
very thorough and extensive information on the topic of protein targeting, but
not on other topics and is therefore not a good general information site. Rating
- 4
www.molbio.princeton.edu/waters/research.html
This site provides a highly technical report of
current research done by a group at Princeton, covering specifically the process
of targeting vesicles throughout the cell. It is a text only page with
one hyperlinked and somewhat unhelpful figure. It is so specific to the
topic as to cover only a small aspect of it - the targeting process for membrane
associated and excreted proteins. Rating - 2
Intracellular Traffic
http://www.nmsu.edu/~molbio/mcb520/lecture7.html
http://www.nmsu.edu/~molbio/mcb520/lecture8.html
Detailed description of devices cells use to separate
and store substances (lecture7), and how a cell moves these substances (lecture8).
These pages are very detailed and likely accurate, since they come from an academic
institution. General: 3
http://cellbio.utmb.edu/cellbio/recend.htm
Since cells often transport substances contained/protected
by lipid layers, exo- and endocytosis are important mechanisms in intracellular
transport. This site provides overviews, self-tests, and many images and
links. Specifically, this page focuses on ligand-receptor mechanisms for
triggering endocytosis. Specific: 4
http://www.ktl.fi/bios/know/traffic.html
This site was produced by an individual working
with intracellular transport mechanisms. This page is an introduction
to the types of problems a cell faces when these transport pathways are not
functioning properly. General:4
http://shubashi.physiology.rwth-aachen.de/bs/erys/shapes/
Here they present the results of vesicle shape
calculations sorted by constraints on volume (v) and area difference (h).
A well-made Java program. Very useful if you ever need to determine the
shape a vesicle will take based on these parameters. Specific: 4
http://www.ultranet.com/%7ejkimball/BiologyPages/P/ProteinKinesis.html#rer
A very comprehensive site discussing protein kinesis.
Good illustrations, and several links to more related information. The
author gives good credentials, and seems to be well organized. Specific
(but linked to a General index): 5
http://vl.bwh.harvard.edu/labs.shtml#membranes
This site provides a list of lab exercises that
pertain to investigations into Membranes, Organelles and Vesicle Trafficking.
Specific: 2
http://dir.nichd.nih.gov/cbmb/pb1labob.html
Web summary of Nature, Volume 389, Pages 81-85
1997 that contains many quality animations (note: the movie player plug-in must
be installed). Discusses experiments regarding the transport pathways
of the Golgi apparatus. Specific: 3
Cell Scaffolding
http://expmed.bwh.harvard.edu/
This site summarizes research on actin at the Brigham
and Women's Hospital. It has lots of information and some interesting
movies about cell motility and its relation to the cytoskeleton. Rank:
4.
http://gened.emc.maricopa.edu/bio/bio181/BIOBK/BioBookCELL2.html
This is a portion of an online biology textbook.
It contains very good cartoon illustrations of cellular scaffolding components
and a description of their use in inter- and intracellular motility. Rank:
5.
http://dir.nichd.nih.gov/CBMB/uobf3a.mov
This is a movie of vesicular traffic into the Golgi,
visualized with Green Fluorescent Protein. Not much information about
cellular ,scaffolding, but a nice way to visualize the intracellular motion
made
possible by the scaffold. Rank: 2.
http://www.cbc.umn.edu/~mwd/cell_www/chapter2/skeleton.html
This site is currently incomplete/under construction,
but it has some interesting facts about centrioles and actin. Further
entries regarding other components of the cytoskeleton are presumably forthcoming.
No images. Rank: 2.
http://web-mcb.agr.ehime-u.ac.jp/bunnshi/sec7.htm
This site provides an excellent summary of the
unique features of cellular scaffolding in plant cells. No images.
Rank: 4
Molecular Motors
http://www.sci.sdsu.edu/movies/actin_myosin_gif.html
Actin myosin crossbridge 3-D animation. The
animation shows the need for one ATP to make the myosin complex "walk".
http://199.17.138.73/berg/ANIMTNS/kinesin.htm
This site has a diagram showing how kinesin pulls
"things" down the microtubule away from the cell in the negative to
positive direction. Also, this site contains a link to more information
on dynein.
http://mc11.mcri.ac.uk/hypertour.html
A very good site decribing the role of molecular
motors. The site contains links to diagrams which further explain how
molecular motors "walk" along the microtubules in order to pull chromosomes
into position.
http://www.ascb.org/ascb/mbc/brochuretxt.htm
This site tells why molecular motors are so important
to study. It also gives a detailed description of myosin versus kinesin,
including various universities studying this topic.
http://pmi.princeton.edu/faculty/SMB.html
Dr. Steven M. Block discusses his research interests
in molecular motors and
why he feels it is important to study them.
It also gives 3 reasons why a
motor mechanism is difficult to construct.
Intercellular signaling (Cell Signaling)
http://www.bio.nd.edu/biology/faculty/goetz.html
A very specific website that pertains to intercellular
signaling. This website was developed by one author, Dr. Frederick W.
Goetz, a professor at the University of Wyoming. Dr. Goetz is studying
the mechanisms and hormonal regulation of ovulation in zebrafish. More
specifically he is determining the genes responsible for mutations involved
in oogenisis and spermatogenisis. There are images present. (5)
http://www.ummed.edu/pub/l/ldasso/
A website created by Dr. Leonardo Dasso of the
University of Massachusetts Medical School.
Included in this website is a specific, but brief, overview of Dr. Dasso韘
research on the function of Ca2+ and cAMP in intercellular
signaling. More specifically, Dr. Dasso researched the role of Ca2+ and cAMP
in increasing the beat frequency of cilia in epithelial cells. This website
also has links to selected publications and other pertinent articles. (4)
http://cpmcnet.columbia.edu/dept/gsas/anatomy/cndb_it.html
This website is a link to Dr. Richard H. Kessin
of Columbia University. It can be found by double clicking Dr. Kessin韘
name in "Intercellular signaling." This
is a specific website that can be a link to other articles written by this professor
and other professors that deal with intercellular signaling. Dr. Kessin韘
website focuses on the evolution and mutagenisis of Dictyostelium
discoidenum. Minimal pictures are present. (3)
Intracellular Signaling (Receptors, 2nd
messengers)
http://www.geocities.com/CollegePark/Lab/1580/cdc42.html
This site gives a very thorough and easy to understand
view of Cdc42 (a G-protein) and its uses inside the cell. This site gave
a simplified and clear presentation of the processes involving Cdc42. There
are links along the way through the page to other pages that go into detail
about G-proteins in general, cell cycle control, and other topics important
for the understanding of the functions of Cdc42. This page also has several
diagrams along with text to further the explanations of the topic, and at the
bottom provides links to other material concerning cellular biology.
http://flybase.bio.indiana.edu:7088/.data/allied-data/interactive-fly/aignfam/camplern.htm
This page contains links to webpages that discuss
G-proteins, cAMP, and other cell related chemical reactions and proteins.
This page is good as a resource for intracellular communication "techniques"
used by cells and gives fairly lengthy overviews of what these proteins do,
although most of this site is directed at the cAMP second messenger system process.
Even though it lacks any diagrams, it is still a good site for written information.
www.bio.davidson.edu/biology/courses/immunology/flash/ip3.html
This site is operated by a Davidson Professor (Dr.
Campbell) and portrays a step by step animated visual of an IP3 signal transduction
pathway. This is the only visual that this site shows, however it is very
helpful in understanding a basic intracellular communication technique in a
very comprehensible manner.
www.ariad.com/st_over.html
Ariad, a pharmacological research company that
explores "intracellular protein interactions that make up signal transduction
pathways," has established this site. The company韘 focus
is the creation of small molecule drugs that inhibit signal transduction pathways.
We chose this as one of our top sites for its diagrams as well as its links
to more specific information about the cell proteins it researches.
http://www.clarke-inst.on.ca/research/cellular_communication.html
This site reveals the mission of Dr. Jerry Warsh
as he attempts to elucidate the significance of intracellular signaling disturbances
in manic depressive illness (bipolar disorders). This site describes the
importance of calcium levels as cell signaling devices and G-proteins as surface
membrane protectors. Though lacking diagrams and specifics of their research
it presents an interesting explanation into symptomatic effects of errors in
intracellular signaling processes.
Protein Degradation
http://www.biochem.emory.edu/protdeg/lyso.html
great overview of lysosomes--recent research on
protein degradation accessible from here
http://www.mblab.gla.ac.uk/dictionary/
a great place to start a search on proteins and
other topics-- provides links to tons of sites
http://www.biochem.emory.edu/protdeg/home.html
basics of protein degradation: how, why then
moves into to proteolytic systems
http://www.ccc.nottingham.ac.uk/~mbzmail/students/ub/ubindex.html
good 3-D's of protolytic molecules
great explanation of the ubiquitin/proteasome pathway
http://www.bwh.harvard.edu/proteins.shtml
gives links to other great sites on protein degradation
Cell Cycle
http://lausd.k12.ca.us/~kmcmahon/AP%20Bio%20Lectures?Cell%20Division/Cell%20Cycle.html
Cycle.html
This site showed the phases of the cell cycle in
a flow diagram, showed cell cycle variation (interesting); it also showed the
difference between external and internal regulation utilizing diagrams.
This site also
discussed cancer implications. It has both
images and animation, most specifically the mitosis picture). This site
was good in that it broke down information to the basics, but there was not
much specific information, but more on the general sense. Rating: 4
http://www.ndsu.nodak.edu/instruct/mcclean/plsc431/cellcycle
This site proved very interesting, showing the
factors controlling the entrance into mitosis, further showing diagrams exhibiting
this entrance. (gene --> protein --> function) It goes on to describe
cancer. The only drawback was its specificity - this site was a bit too specific
when wanting an overview on the cell cycle, since it concentrated more on the
technical factors. Rating: 4
http://opbs.okstate.edu/~melcher/MG/MGW1/MG1331.html
This site showed the unicycle/bicycle interpretations
of the cell cycle, and also showed the basics of mitosis. It had nice, simple
diagrams and links to other interesting sites. The animations of mitosis
were pretty neat since they showed the cross over, but it was not extremely
technical or too informative.
Rating: 3.5
http://clam.rutgers.edu/~arames/CELLCYCLE.html
This site showed an overview of the cell cycle,
had great graphics to animation showing the transition from G1 to S to G2 to
mitosis. It had great general information, but still was of a good caliber of
learning, meaning that it was not too basic. It had a neat "supplementary
guide" link which had a cute little quiz. Shannon and I liked this one
the best. Rating: 5
Virtual Biology:
http://www.bio.davidson.edu/%20%20www.seoulin.co.kr/~virbio/index.html%20%20%20www.seoulin.co.kr/~virbio/index.html
Really cool animation on the cell cycle, as well
as other cell processes and structures. Easily accessed through the Davidson
bio www links page.
The Biology Project:
http://www.bio.davidson.edu/Biology/kabernd/cb/www.biology.arizona.edu/cell_bio/tutorials/cell_cycle/cells1.html
This site, established and updated by the University
of Arizona, has a tutorial of the cell cycle, along with nice accompanying graphics.
At the end of the tutorial is a challenging multiple choice quiz to test what
you just learned.
Cell Cycle Regulation:
http://www.geocities.com/CollegePark/Lab/1580/cycle.html
This website provides a detailed description and
images concerning cell cycle control and apoptosis. The overall objective of
this site is to discuss cell homeostasis. The five sections of this site are
"Rb Pathway", "p53 Pathway", "Pdc42", "Apoptosis",
and "integrins".
The Forsburg Lab Pombe Pages:
http://pingu.salk.edu/~forsburg/%20
This website discusses in detail the cell cycle
and fission within yeast. The site has main segments discussing cell division
and DNA replication using diagrams and figures for explanation. The structure
and function of chromatids are also explained.
Apoptosis
Apoptosis Interest Group
http://www.nih.gov/sigs/aig/index.html
* Explanation of apoptosis * Information on Apoptosis
Interest Group * List of research groups and their work
Apoptosis Online
http://www.apopnet.com/index.htm
* Apoptosis forum for posting questions, answers,
etc. * Career information * Community Center with meeting schedules and grant
information * Reference library
J. Kimball's Apoptosis Page
http://www.ultranet.com/~jkimball/BiologyPages/A/Apoptosis.html
* Outline of cell death * Explanation of why cells
commit suicide * In-depth diagrams * Mechanisms of apoptosis * The role of apoptosis
in cancer, AIDS, and organ transplants. This site has an easy to follow
outline, good explanations, and also relates apoptosis to diseases, such as
cancer and AIDS.
University of Maryland
http://www.geocities.com/CollegePark/lab/1580/apoptosis.html
* Examples of programmed cell death * Diagrams
Introduction to Apoptosis
http://www.acs.ucalgary.ca/~browder/apo_intro.html
* References * Description of apoptosis
Links to Apoptosis Sites
http://www.geocities.com/CapeCanaveral/4748/apoptosis.html
www.biochem.boehringer-mannheim.com/techserv/apoptosis/index.htm
This site gives good graphics, a slide show which
can be downloaded, the proposed pathway, and hot links to other apoptosis web
sites.
wwwpeople.unil.ch/Martinon.Fabio/science.html
This site has an excellent introduction about apoptosis,
diseases related to this topic, labs currently working on it, and links.
www.wellweb.com/cancer/apopto~1.htm
This site gives the current research in this field.
www.acs.ucalgary.ca/%7Ebrowder/apoptosis.html
This site gives good descriptions of why it developed
and thorough explanations as it what apoptosis is, and how it works.
www.ul.bwh.harvard.edu/apoptosis.shtml
This site has many links to other apoptosis web
sites.
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